By Tony Gonzalez, Director of Training at Fieldpiece Instruments As HVACR technicians, job number one is ensuring the comfort of the customer. For an HVACR system, it is effective heat transfer and efficient conditioning in all intended zones of the system. Efficient distribution of airflow in both residential and commercial spaces greatly impacts the ability Read more
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By Tony Gonzalez, Director of Training at Fieldpiece Instruments
As HVACR technicians, job number one is ensuring the comfort of the customer. For an HVACR system, it is effective heat transfer and efficient conditioning in all intended zones of the system. Efficient distribution of airflow in both residential and commercial spaces greatly impacts the ability of the system to effectively heat or cool the intended zones. Proper airflow across an evaporator coil and throughout the ductwork can efficiently condition a space and keep it comfortable, while improper airflow can lead to some rooms struggling to stay cool or even reach the target temperature. In situations like this, the problem at hand may be improper air balancing.
What is Air Balancing?
In short, air balancing is the process of testing and adjusting your air conditioning system to deliver the right amount of air to the zones of a given space. Proper air balancing ensures that each room or zone receives the correct amount of air, maintaining consistent temperatures and improving system efficiency. It is a critical step in both the installation of new systems and the maintenance of existing ones to ensure optimal performance and comfort.
Signs of Improper Air Balancing
When a single system is effective in some zones, and not others, a technician may need to conduct air balancing. This starts with some simple diagnostics of the zones themselves. Using an IR thermometer or psychrometer, conduct a walkaround test and read temperatures from all registers in each space. Record temperatures manually, or if using psychrometer probes like Fieldpiece’s JL3RH Job Link® system probes, view all live temperature readings at once on the Job Link® System App. Once the underperforming zones are identified, move on to troubleshooting.
Conducting Air Balancing
Once the problematic zones are identified, first check to see if there are dampers, and if they are properly positioned. Manual dampers may have been closed off halting airflow, or electronic dampers may be malfunctioning to improperly manipulate airflow. Adjust all dampers while monitoring temperature from registers in problem zones to see if performance improves. If dampers are all properly set and the problem zones remain unchanged, an inspection of equipment CFM and static pressure may be necessary.
To check equipment CFM, technicians can use either an airflow capture hood, or an anemometer like the Fieldpiece STA2 Hot Wire Anemometer to conduct a traverse. Conduct a traverse in the appropriate location for the given system, for most residential systems this will be as close to the return or return plenum as possible. Run the system for at least 15 minutes to allow the system to stabilize. If using an anemometer, conduct a traverse by first setting the anemometer to the appropriate return size, and record airflow readings across the return space. For proper measurement points for rectangular, square and round ducts, see the Fieldpiece STA2 Operator’s Manual. In a balanced system, total return CFM should equal total Supply CFM. Compare measured CFM to manufacturer specifications for the given equipment to see if it falls within the target values.
To check system static pressure, use a dual port manometer or wireless manometer probes like the Fieldpiece JL3KM2 with static pressure tips and flexible tubing. Zero the manometer while in ambient pressure with any tubing or probes attached. Specific placements will vary depending on your equipment, but in general target manometer placement will be before the blower and after the coil or heat exchanger. Be sure to point the static pressure probe into the direction of the airflow. Calculate the total external static pressure (or TESP) by adding the return and supply readings. Comparing the measured TESP to the equipment’s design specifications can indicate static pressure issues.
If CFM is found to be lower than the manufacturer specifications, or static pressure is found to be too high, several troubleshooting steps can be taken.
Troubleshooting Tips
Check the return filter to ensure it is free of obstructions such as furniture or other items that may restrict airflow. Next, inspect the blower and make sure it is free of buildup and set to the appropriate speed, or setting for variable speed blowers. Inspect the evaporator coil and clean if required. Lastly, check the actual sizing of the return and supply plenum, as improper installation or obstruction may be constricting airflow. This applies to ducting throughout the system as well, so check for inefficient installation and leaks. Ensuring each of these possible points of impedance is addressed can greatly improve overall system airflow and air balancing.
Keep in mind that the equipment in an HVACR system is only part of the equation. Other considerations to customer comfort should include the structure of the home and other additional factors. These may include customer preference, room orientation and ceiling height, points of ingress and egress such as door cut and clearance, insulation, and the orientation of the structure itself as zones in direct contact with sunlight will require additional cooling.
Systems that meet all manufacturer specifications and have no discernable inefficiencies present may still struggle to properly condition a given space. Under more extreme circumstances, an undersized system may have been installed. Requirements for system size may vary regionally, but in general there should be 1 ton of system for every 400-500 square feet of conditioned space. While it may be more common for an installer to oversize a system to ensure enough heat transfer, system size is a critical factor that should not be overlooked.
Final Thoughts
Airflow is a critical aspect of every HVACR system. Both airflow across the evaporator coil and airflow through the ductwork itself are essential for effective air conditioning in a given space. When airflow is imbalanced, comfort in individual zones can suffer. Proper air balancing can greatly increase effective conditioning and comfort in all zones, making troubleshooting and finding solutions yet another essential tool in a technician’s toolbelt.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Tony Gonzalez has over 20 years of HVAC experience with Fieldpiece Instruments and has been leading Fieldpiece training since 2020. Tony presents courses nationally at conferences, partners with leading industry organizations, and is recognized everywhere for his how-to videos. Tony is committed to sharing the best practices that make HVAC technicians’ jobs easier, faster, and better.
Housing projects are complex enough, these stylish products can streamline the furnishing process Multifamily housing projects can get expensive but knowing what fixtures to use may reduce overhead costs and help contractors simplify the furnishing process in the kitchen and bath. From sleek modern fixtures with clean lines to timeless traditional styles that exude classic Read more
Housing projects are complex enough, these stylish products can streamline the furnishing process
Multifamily housing projects can get expensive but knowing what fixtures to use may reduce overhead costs and help contractors simplify the furnishing process in the kitchen and bath. From sleek modern fixtures with clean lines to timeless traditional styles that exude classic charm, Peerless® Faucet provides contractors multifunctional options to complement any kitchen or bathroom renovation. The brand’s designs also feature quality materials, bold finishes, and user-friendly functionality, ensuring every fixture combines beauty and practicality.
Beautiful Designs for Every Style
Peerless fixtures are celebrated for their stylish aesthetics, which range from modern minimalism, contemporary, and even timeless traditional styles. Whether it’s a sleek chrome finish for a contemporary kitchen or a brushed nickel fixture for a cozy bathroom, the brand offers contractors a wide variety of options to complement any unit’s look and feel.
By focusing on clean lines and thoughtful design elements, Peerless creates faucets and fixtures that do more than just function — they elevate spaces, making them visually striking. This appeal is not only popular among contractors aiming to bring on-trend looks to their multifamily projects, but also renters who are looking to upgrade their fixtures without the hefty price tag.
This year, Peerless launched its new Ezra™ Kitchen and Bath Collections — with an array of unique finish options to choose from. In the kitchen, the Ezra Single-Handle Pull-down Kitchen Faucet offers striking lines paired with soft, sweeping curves. This faucet completes a traditionally modern aesthetic that pairs nicely with chestnut brown cabinetry and black/silver finishes alike. In fact, introducing the current mixed metals design trend into the kitchen is easy with Ezra. One can accessorize around the faucet with soap dispensers, cabinetry handles, lifestyle pieces or even other appliances — pairing the finish with a contrasting metal.
Quality Materials Without the Big Spend
A successful commercial build starts with strong foundations, and to ensure projects provide long-lasting renovations, contractors should prioritize durable, high-quality materials are present across their kitchen and bath fixtures.
Peerless is renowned for its commitment to quality, crafting fixtures from durable materials (i.e. ceramics within most faucet disk valves) designed to withstand the demands of daily use. The brand’s faucets are built with long-lasting finishes that resist tarnishing and corrosion, ensuring they maintain aesthetic appeal for years. For contractors working on multifamily projects, Peerless offers ceramic valves across many fixtures, so no matter what collection contractors choose, they’re always guaranteed quality and durability.
Functional Affordability Without Compromise
One of Peerless standout qualities is its affordability. Renters on a budget and professionals managing large-scale renovations alike benefit from the brand’s cost-effective, yet functional offerings.
Beyond its stylish, on-trend designs, the brand also offers fixtures that are equipped with useful functionalities that contractors should be aware of. Peerless strives to ensure it provides additional value to the end user, by offering affordable, smart solutions in the kitchen and bath:
- POWERinse™: When money is tight, this technology is a great option to save contractors and renters additional spend on sink washing alternatives. More than a typical spray mode, Peerless’ POWERinse™ utilizes extremely narrow ports to create back pressure. That back pressure, in turn, results in a blast of water that easily powers away food residue.
- Push Pop-Up Drain Assembly: Included in a wide range of Peerless bath fixtures, this complimentary feature saves contractors both time and money while delivering on-trend details. Unlike other drain assemblies that require multiple parts (and purchases), this user-friendly accessory works seamlessly with the faucet itself and comes with all necessary parts for easy installation.
- MultiChoice® Universal Valve: This nifty valve gives contractors the freedom to decide on what type of shower valve function and trim style they want — without altering the plumbing behind walls. It also works with an array of shower trim styles. MultiChoice Universal Valve also pairs with shower trims across the Delta Faucet Company portfolio, making redesigning a breeze.
Peerless understands that no two customers are the same. Contractors value its dependability and efficiency, while homeowners love the brand’s ability to transform their kitchens and bathrooms affordably. In today’s world, where functionality and design must coexist seamlessly, Peerless stands out as a brand that delivers on all fronts. Whether you’re a seasoned contractor or learning the ropes, Peerless keeps trade pros happy by offering fixtures that are stylish, durable, easy to install and affordable, proving that elegance and affordability can indeed go hand in hand.
For more information about Peerless and its multifamily offerings, visit www.peerlessfaucet.com/faucet-professionals or follow Peerless on Instagram, Facebook, or Pinterest.
RefrigiWear, a 70-year pioneer in safety apparel and insulated PPE for winter workers, now delivers two high-visibility versions of its best-selling insulated softshell bib overalls. Available in high-visibility lime or high-visibility orange, the HiVis Insulated Softshell Bib Overalls are perfect for plumbers, pipefitters, tower climbers and road construction workers who need to stay warm and Read more
RefrigiWear, a 70-year pioneer in safety apparel and insulated PPE for winter workers, now delivers two high-visibility versions of its best-selling insulated softshell bib overalls.
Available in high-visibility lime or high-visibility orange, the HiVis Insulated Softshell Bib Overalls are perfect for plumbers, pipefitters, tower climbers and road construction workers who need to stay warm and visbile in cold, wet weather.
Ready for Rough Weather
HiVis Insulated Softshell Bib Overalls from RefrigiWear give workers the protection they need to get the toughest jobs done, even in temperatures as cold as -20°F. With a wind-tight and water-repellent outershell to guard against rain, sleet, snow and icy winds, these bibs help workers stay warm, dry and focused on the job.
Working through rough weather requires outerwear tough enough to take on the cold without falling apart. Abrasion-resistant patches and reinforcements help these insulated overalls stand up to tough work, especially when the job requires kneeling, squatting or climbing. Two rows of durable silver reflective tape are bonded, not stitched, on the legs to avoid snagging on equipment or unraveling with long use.
Warm, Comfortable & Functional
When the wind chill falls below freezing, most folks would rather head for home. For those who must stay and face the freeze, HiVis Insulated Softshell Bib Overalls deliver over 400 grams of lightweight, synthetic insulation. Plus, a silver heat-reflecting lining traps escaping body heat and reflects it back to the wearer for extra warmth and comfort.
Adjustable Y-back suspenders provide higher coverage for the back and torso. This design protects the vulnerable organs in the core from the cold without limiting range of motion in the shoulders, so workers can swing hammers, lift lumber or simply stretch their arms in complete comfort. Above-knee leg zippers make it quick and easy to step in or out of these overalls, so there’s no need to waste time removing boots when workers need to warm up or cool down quickly.
Safety Standards for Visibility
The high-visibility outershell materials and reflective silver tape on these bibs meet American and Canadian standards for safety on hazardous job sites. Both the high-visibility lime and high-visibility orange styles meet ANSI/ISA 107-2020 Class E and CSA Z96 Class 2, Level 2 standards.
Available in Extended Men’s Sizes
Available in extended men’s sizes from small to 5XL, HiVis Insulated Softshell Bib Overalls protect workers from cold, wet and windy conditions without compromising warmth, visibility or range of motion.
Complete Protection from Cold, Wet Winter Weather
When temperatures are freezing and falling fast, the secret to staying safe on the job is staying warm and staying visible. HiVis Insulated Softshell Bib Overalls coordinate perfectly with other garments, gloves and waterproof work boots from RefrigiWear, including the HiVis Insulated Softshell Jacket and several insulated hoodies and thermal sweatshirts in high-visibility colors.
Learn more about outfitting your team with weather-ready, high-visibility outerwear at pro.refrigiwear.com.
By Didi Azaria The field service industry faces a growing challenge: finding and retaining skilled technicians as Baby Boomers and Gen X workers retire. A promising trend, however, is the influx of Gen Z workers into blue-collar jobs like HVAC, plumbing and electrical work. This generation brings a new dynamic—they are highly tech-savvy and expect Read more
By Didi Azaria
The field service industry faces a growing challenge: finding and retaining skilled technicians as Baby Boomers and Gen X workers retire. A promising trend, however, is the influx of Gen Z workers into blue-collar jobs like HVAC, plumbing and electrical work. This generation brings a new dynamic—they are highly tech-savvy and expect technology, especially artificial intelligence (AI), to play a key role in their work.
With 35% of trade employers planning to hire more Gen Z workers in the coming years, according to Business News Daily, companies must adapt to attract and retain this generation. Gen Z employees are driven by digital tools and expect technology to be integral to their daily tasks. For employers, embracing AI-powered tools such as mobile apps, automation and advanced scheduling systems is crucial to meet these expectations and fully engage Gen Z.
Take Chris, a 22-year-old HVAC trainee. He’s not just eager to apply his hands-on skills; he wants to use the latest tech to make his work more efficient. Companies that leverage AI and other digital tools will appeal to workers like Chris. In fact, Deloitte states that over 67% of companies report that technology significantly influences their ability to recruit younger employees.
But Gen Z isn’t just entering the field service industry as employees. They’re also becoming entrepreneurs. Alex, a 25-year-old HVAC business owner, is part of a wave of Gen Z entrepreneurs who are integrating AI and automation from the start. For Alex, technology isn’t optional; it’s essential to running a modern, efficient operation. This tech-first mindset is reshaping how service companies function.
The Blue-Collar Boom: Gen Z’s Shift Toward Trades and Entrepreneurship
Gen Z is increasingly turning to skilled trades like HVAC, plumbing, and electrical work, fueling what’s being called the “Blue-Collar Boom.” With many young adults rethinking the value of a traditional college education and looking for practical skills that don’t come with significant financial burdens, trade schools are becoming a more attractive option.
But it’s not just about becoming skilled technicians. Many Gen Z workers are also embracing entrepreneurship, bringing fresh ideas and a deep understanding of technology into industries like HVAC. This generation views technology as essential—not just for daily operations but for business management. They expect automation, AI and digital tools to be seamlessly integrated into their work environments.
For employers, adapting to this tech-driven mindset is critical. Gen Z’s comfort with digital tools and entrepreneurial spirit is reshaping industries, and those who fail to embrace modern technology may struggle to attract or retain this new generation of talent.
Gen Z’s Expectations: Automation and Business Optimization
For Gen Z business owners like Alex, integrating AI into their operations isn’t just a benefit—it’s a necessity. They understand that automating routine tasks and optimizing workflows are key to running a successful and efficient business. Here are some of the key expectations Gen Z brings to the table:
- Automated Scheduling and Dispatching: Gen Z values AI tools that optimize technician routes and appointment times, reducing inefficiencies and improving productivity.
- Enhanced Customer Communication: AI-driven tools that automate reminders, follow-ups and real-time updates enhance customer satisfaction and streamline interactions.
- Performance Analytics: Gen Z expects AI to provide data insights on every interaction, helping to identify areas for improvement and drive business decisions.
- Sales and Upsell Opportunities: AI-powered systems can identify missed sales opportunities, helping businesses boost revenue through targeted upsells and services.
By embracing these technologies, Gen Z business owners can focus on innovation and strategic growth, rather than getting bogged down in administrative tasks. This is where AI plays a crucial role—not just in attracting Gen Z talent but in enabling them to thrive in both employment and entrepreneurship.
Incorporating AI and advanced technology is no longer optional—it’s essential to effectively engage with and utilize Gen Z talent in the field service industry. Companies that adopt these innovations will not only improve their operations but also position themselves as attractive employers for the next generation.
Why AI Matters to Your Business
Integrating AI into your HVAC business is not just about attracting Gen Z talent; it’s about transforming operations.
Enhancing Business Performance
AI optimizes operations by automating scheduling, dispatching, and customer interactions. Smart algorithms account for technician location, skills and traffic, reducing costs and maximizing workforce efficiency. For instance, AI can predict peak service times and monitor key performance indicators (KPIs) in real time for swift adjustments.
Improving Service Quality
AI handles routine communications, enabling faster customer responses and enhancing satisfaction. Automated messages for appointment confirmations and reminders free up your team for more complex interactions. Additionally, AI provides technicians with instant access to customer histories and diagnostic information, empowering them to deliver personalized service.
Empowering Technicians
AI simplifies tasks for technicians like Chris, automating administrative duties and offering real-time performance analytics. This not only boosts job satisfaction but also allows them to focus on their craft.
“Integrating AI was a game-changer for our business. It boosted job completion rates by 25%, cut overtime costs by 20%, and increased our average transaction value by 18%. Automated communications improved customer satisfaction scores by 27%. AI streamlined operations, empowered our technicians, and let us focus on exceptional service,” said Eric Paolicelli, County HVAC Services Inc.
Strategies for Successful AI Integration
- Engage Your Team: Involve your staff in selecting and implementing AI tools to foster buy-in and ease the transition. Open dialogue addresses fears about AI replacing jobs, reassuring everyone that technology enhances roles rather than eliminating them.
- Invest in Training: Offer tailored training to demonstrate how AI simplifies tasks and improves performance. This builds confidence and alleviates anxieties by showing tangible benefits to each role.
- Communicate the Vision: Explain how AI aligns with the business goals and enhances individual contributions.
- Embrace the Future Together: Leverage the synergy of the Blue-Collar Boom and AI to empower your team and create an innovative environment.
Conclusion
The HVAC industry is evolving rapidly, and those who adapt will lead the way. Integrating AI into your operations doesn’t just streamline processes; it positions your business at the forefront of industry innovation.
Attracting tech-savvy Gen Z talent and entrepreneurs infuses your business with fresh energy and ideas, propelling your business to new heights. Now is the time to act. Embrace the Blue-Collar Boom and leverage AI to build a stronger, more dynamic HVAC industry. Your employees will thrive, your customers will notice the difference and your business will be well-positioned for the future.
Didi Azaria is CEO of Workiz, a leading field service management platform that simplifies how home service businesses operate and navigate their day-to-day challenges.
By Jonathan Simon, Lubrizol Advanced Materials Inc. Frozen pipes don’t fail for the reason most people think they do. It’s not the pressure of expanding ice against the pipe wall that causes the failure. Instead, as the video below shows, frozen pipes burst because ice in the pipe forms a dam that blocks the flow Read more
By Jonathan Simon, Lubrizol Advanced Materials Inc.
Frozen pipes don’t fail for the reason most people think they do. It’s not the pressure of expanding ice against the pipe wall that causes the failure. Instead, as the video below shows, frozen pipes burst because ice in the pipe forms a dam that blocks the flow of water. As the ice expands, the water pressure builds behind the dam and when that pressure exceeds the burst pressure of the pipe material, a service plumber somewhere gets an emergency call.
Factors that Influence Failure from Freezing
Knowing the cause of pipe failure from freezing provides a better understanding of how well different materials can resist freezing.
But before I get into those factors, let me make one point very clear: There is no such thing as a freeze-proof pipe. All residential plumbing materials will fail if the pressure within the pipe exceeds the material’s burst pressure. The tips for preventing freezing presented in the next section can be helpful regardless of the material you are using.
There are three variables that influence the rate at which a pipe will fail when exposed to cold air.
- The first is the thermal conductivity of the pipe material, which determines how well the material can resist cooling. Of the three commonly used residential plumbing materials, CPVC resists cooling the best, followed by PEX. Copper has the highest thermal conductivity with the least resistance to cooling.
- The other factor is the material’s burst pressure. Copper compensates for its thermal conductivity with a quick burst pressure of 3,000-4,000 psi, compared to 1250 psi for CPVC and 475 psi for PEX. When you combine the effect of thermal conductivity and burst pressure, you find that CPVC and copper will fail from freezing at about the same rate and PEX will fail faster than those two materials.
- With PEX, the elasticity of the material can also factor into the freezing rate. New PEX will expand or balloon somewhat to protect the pipe from bursting; however, this expansion can weaken the pipe wall, increasing the risk of future failure. In addition, as PEX ages, chlorine degradation may reduce the elasticity of the inner pipe wall, which prevents expansion, diminishing any advantages the elasticity of the material provides in terms of freeze-break resistance.
Protecting Pipes from Freezing
Whether installing pipe in new construction or responding to a failure, here are ways you can reduce the risk of piping failure from freezing.
- Always plan for cold weather.
Just because freezing conditions are uncommon in certain areas, doesn’t mean they never happen. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the vast majority of the United States can expect the temperature to drop below freezing at least once a decade. As weather patterns have become more unpredictable, it’s become more important to plan for the worst. - Avoid installing pipes in unconditioned areas.
Unconditioned areas, such as attics, crawlspaces, overhangs or exterior walls, are the first to get cold when outside temperatures drop and therefore present the biggest risk for frozen pipes. Running pipe in conditioned spaces with the piping within the building insulation envelope is always preferred and may be required by code. - Use appropriate insulation practices.
When pipe must be installed in unconditioned areas, compatible insulation must be used on the pipe to slow the rate of freezing. Heat trace systems may be used in connection with some piping materials to warm the pipe within these spaces. Be sure to use an insulation material or heat trace system that is compatible with the pipe. To determine compatibility with FlowGuard Gold CPVC, use the FBC™ System Compatible Program. - Install pipes under slab foundations instead of overhead.
By installing piping beneath the slab, the natural geothermal insulation of the ground will often be adequate to protect against frozen pipes. In addition, running pipes under the slab can have other benefits to builders and contractors, including faster installations and lower installed costs. Always verify that local codes allow installation of water distribution piping under slab. - Seal exterior wall penetrations
Holes or gaps in exterior walls for cable or electrical penetrations can allow cold outside air to reach pipes, creating a “wind chill” effect that accelerates freezing within pipes. Sealing exterior penetrations and gaps can help prevent cold air from flowing around the pipes.
Different materials may fail from freezing at different rates, but all materials are vulnerable to failure from freezing and should be protected. To access more plumbing resources, visit FlowGuardGold.com.
Jonathan Simon is the North American residential plumbing manager for Lubrizol Advanced Materials Inc., the parent company for FlowGuard Gold Pipe and Fittings.